Education

vocabulary

This is a list of vocabulary items related to education

Education:

The process of teaching or learning in a school or college, or the knowledge that you get from this.

Educational system:

Educational systems are established to provide education and training, often for children and the young. 
"The educational system in most underdeveloped countries needs to be reformed."

Educational goals:

Each country identifies the educational goals to be achieved by its educational system.

Educational background:

Past experience in education. To become an engineer in Electronics you need to have a scientific educational background.

School subject:

A course or area of study: mathematics, English, French, physics...are school subjects.
"Math is her best subject."

School year:

The school year starts in September and ends in June

School uniform:

It is obligatory that students wear school uniforms in some schools.

Private lessons:

Some students need private lessons to keep up with their mates in learning some school subjects.

Private schools:

Students who go to private schools pay fees.

University graduate: 

A person who holds a university or college degree. University graduates find difficulties getting jobs these days.

University degree:

An academic title given by a college or university to a student who has completed a course of study:
"You go to university to get a university degree."
"Bachelor of Arts degree."

Learning needs:

Learners should identify their learning needs in order to get the appropriate learning.

Learning strategies:

Learning strategies (or study skills)are techniques used to proceed in your own learning.

Learning goals:

Learning goals are the target behavior a learner attains through his learning experience.

Adult illiteracy

Adult illiteracy is a major concern for any development.

Adult education:

Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults.It has become common in many countries. It takes on many forms, ranging from formal class-based learning to self-directed learning.There are more than 800 million adults that cannot read or write.
Adult education usually takes place in the evening.

Formal education:

Formal education results from a program of instruction in an educational institution leading to a qualification / certification.

Informal education:

Informal education occurs in daily work, leisure or family.

Non-formal education:

Non-formal education results from a program but it is not usually evaluated and doesn't lead to certification.

Basic Education:

Basic education refers to the whole range of educational activities taking place in various settings (formal, non formal and informal), that aim to meet basic learning needs. According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), basic education comprises primary education (first stage of basic education) and lower secondary education (second stage). In countries (developing countries in particular), Basic Education often includes also pre-primary education and/or adult literacy programs.Universal basic education is regarded as a priority for developing countries
" Every citizen should acquire at least a basic education to be able to read and write."

Primary Education:

Primary (or elementary) education consists of the first years of formal, structured education. In general, primary education consists of six or seven years of schooling starting at the age of 5 or 6, although this varies between, and sometimes within, countries.

Secondary Education:

Secondary education is the stage of education following primary education. Except in countries where only primary or basic education is compulsory, secondary education includes the final stage of compulsory education and in many countries it is entirely compulsory. The next stage of education is usually college or university.

Higher education:

Higher education, also called tertiary, third stage, or post secondary education, is the non-compulsory educational level that follows the completion of a school providing a secondary education, such as a high school, secondary school. Tertiary education is normally taken to include undergraduate and postgraduate education, as well as vocational education and training. Colleges and universities are the main institutions that provide tertiary education. Collectively, these are sometimes known as tertiary institutions. Tertiary education generally results in the receipt of certificates, diplomas, or academic degrees.

Functions 

Purpose with to, in order to and so as to

Use to , so as to, and in order to to express purpose in the affirmative form.

Examples:

·         He is looking for a part time job to save some pocket money.

·         She wakes up early in order to be on time to work.

·         They visited him so as to offer their condolences for the death of his wife.

Use so as not to and in order not to to express purpose in the negative form.

Examples:

·         They woke up early in order not to be late.

·         She exercises regularly so as not to get fat.

·         He helped the new policewoman so as not to fail in her first mission.

Purpose with so that

You can also express purpose with so that. In this case you generally need to use a modal.

Examples:

·         She told him to play quiet so that he wouldn't disturb the neighbors.

·         He got a visa so that he can travel to the USA.

·         He decided to stay in England for a while so that he could practice his English.

GRAMMAR

Past Perfect

I. Past Perfect Simple

FORM OF THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE: 

Had+Past Participle Form

	Affirmative		Negative		Interrogative
	I had worked.		I had not worked.		had I worked?
	You had worked.		You had not worked.		had you worked?

NOTE:

I had not worked = I hadn't worked

I had worked = I'd worked

USE OF THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:

Use the past perfect tense to show an action that was completed prior to another action that took place in the past.

Examples:

·           "President Lincoln had attended the theater regularly before his assassination."

·           "They had had lunch when I arrived."

2. Past Perfect Continuous

FORM OF THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

 had been verb +ing

	Affirmative		Negative		Interrogative
	I had been working.		I had not been working.		Had I been working?
	You had been working.		You had not been working.		Had you been working?

Examples:

·         You had been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived.

·         Had you been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrived?

·         You had not been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally arrive.

USE OF THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

1. We use the past perfect continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another action stopped it.

Example:

·         We had been playing soccer when the accident occurred

2.  We use the past perfect continuous to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past. "For five minutes" and "for two weeks" are both durations which can be used with the Past Perfect Continuous.

Example:

·         I had been living in that small town for three years before I moved to New York.

3.  We use the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the past to show cause and effect.

Example:

·         I was so tired. I had been revising my lessons for hours.

تصنيف : انجليزية