Cultural Value

  

Vocabulary 

This is a list of vocabulary items related to culture

Culture:

Culture can be defined as all the ways of life including arts, beliefs and institutions of a population that are passed down from generation to generation. Culture has been called "the way of life for an entire society." As such, it includes codes of manners, dress, language, religion, rituals, games, norms of behavior such as law and morality, and systems of belief as well as the art.

Cultured:

Showing good taste or manners

Belief:

1. The mental act, condition, or habit of placing trust or confidence in another: 
" My belief in you is as strong as ever."
2. Mental acceptance of and conviction in the truth, actuality, or validity of something: 
" His explanation of what happened defies belief."
3. Something believed or accepted as true, especially a particular tenet or a body of tenets accepted by a group of persons.

Ethics:

A system of accepted beliefs which control behavior, especially such a system based on morals.

Values:

Beliefs of a person or social group in which they have an emotional investment (either for or against something). 
"He has very conservatives values"

Civilization:

The social process whereby societies achieve an advanced stage of development and organization

Cultural specificities:

It's interesting to learn about cultural specificities of other countries

Culturally acceptable:

It isn't culturally acceptable in some countries to blow your nose in public places.

Cultural conflicts:

We should try hard to avoid cultural conflicts as they are a result of a misunderstanding.

Cultural stereotypes:

A fixed idea that people have about what someone or something is like, especially an idea that is wrong.
Cultural stereotypes make our understanding of other cultures difficult.

Cultural diversity:

The fact or quality of cultures of being diverse or different.
Cultural diversity should be considered as a source of enrichment rather a source of conflicts.

Cultural uniqueness:

Culture/customs which make a country distinctive/different from other countries.

Cultural misconceptions:

Mistaken thoughts, idea, or notion; misunderstandings about a culture. These are false ideas about a culture resulting from misunderstanding rather than from reality.

Cultural shock:

A condition of confusion and anxiety affecting a person suddenly exposed to an alien culture or milieu.
"The first time she went to Japan, Isabel got a huge culture shock."

Racial behavior:

A behavior resulting from a belief that race accounts for differences in human character or ability and that a particular race is superior to others (racism or racialism.)
" We may limit the danger of racial behavior if there is mutual understanding of different cultures."

Local culture:

Local culture refer to the culture developed at the local level.

Global culture:

Global culture refer to the culture developed at the global level through the new information technologies.

Global village:

The entire world and its inhabitants.The world thought of as being closely connected by modern communication and trade and thus eliminating borders.

Globalization:

Globalization in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local phenomena into global ones. It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and function together. This process is a combination of economic, technological, sociocultural and political forces.Globalization is often used to refer to economic globalization, that is, integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, and the spread of technology.

Stereotype:

A generalized perception of first impressions. Stereotypes, therefore, can instigate prejudice and false assumptions about entire groups of people, including the members of different ethnic groups, social classes, religious orders, the opposite sex, etc. A stereotype can be a conventional and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image, based on the assumption that there are attributes that members of the "other group" have in common.

Functions

 Defining

HOW TO DEFINE CONCEPTS

X	can be defined as	Y
	can be described as
	refers to
	means

EXAMPLES

·         Citizenship can be defined as the status of being a with its rights and duties.

·         Stereotype can be described as a conventional, formulaic, and oversimplified conception, opinion, or image.

·         Illiteracy means the condition of being unable to read and write.

·         Culture refers to the arts, customs, and habits that characterize a particular society or nation.

Grammar

 Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verbs Reference List

Phrasal verbs are verbs that are made up of a main verb and followed by particle, usually prepositions. Most phrasal verbs are two or three words and can be quite challenging for English learners as they can be literal or figurative in meaning.

IMPORTANT

Remember that separable phrasal verbs using a pronoun as the object of the verb MUST be separated (I brought them up NOT I brought up them)

		Alphabetical order			Phrasal verb		Meaning
		A			Ask out		Ask someone to go on a date
		B			Bring about		Cause
					Bring up		1) rear children
							2) mention or introduce a topic
		C			Call back		Return a telephone call
					Call off		Cancel
					Call on		visit
					Catch up with		Reach the same position or level as
							someone
					Check in		Register at a hotel
					Come across		Meet by chance
		D			Do over		Repeat
					Drop out		Stop going to school
		F			Figure out		Find the answer by logic
					Fill in		Complete
		G			Get along with		Have a good relation with
					Get in, get into		Enter a car/ arrive
					Get over		Recover
					Get up		Arise from bed, a chair etc.
					Give up		Stop doing something
					Grow up		Become an adult
		H			Hand in		Submit
					Hand out		Distribute
		K			Keep up with		Stay at the same position or level
		L			Look after		Take care of
							Be careful
					look up		Look for information in a reference
							book
		M			Make up		Invent
		N			Name after		Give a baby the name of someone else
		P			Pass away		Die
					Pick out		Select
					Put off		Postpone

			Put on		Dress/ wear
			Put out		Extinguish a cigarette, fire…
	R		Run into		Meet by chance
			Run across		Find by chance
			Run out of		Finish a supply of something
	S		Show up		Appear, come to
			Shut off		Stop a machine, equipment, light etc.
	T		Take after		Resemble
			Take off		1. Remove clothing
					2. Leave on a trip
					3. leave the ground (plane)
			Take up		Begin a new activity
			Think over		Consider
			Throw away		Discard; get rid of
			Try on		Put on clothing to see if it fits
			Turn down		1. Reduce the volume
					2. Reject
			Turn off		Stop a machine, equipment, light etc.
			Turn on		Start a machine, equipment, light etc.

تصنيف : انجليزية